CULTURAL HERITAGE EDUCATION AS A TOOL FOR RESILIENCE: THE CITY AND ITS ALPHABETS / L’EDUCAZIONE AL PATRIMONIO CULTURALE COME STRUMENTO DI RESILIENZA: LA CITTÀ E I SUOI ALFABETI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejae.v9i1.5277Słowa kluczowe:
cultural heritage, cultural heritage education, catastrophic events, resilience / patrimonio culturale, educazione al patrimonio culturale, eventi catastrofici, resilienzaAbstrakt
The paper focuses on the role of heritage education as a tool for strengthening alphabetic processes, starting from the conviction that training activities cannot have as their only place the spaces within education, but must extend to the territory, understood as an extension of the classroom. Heritage, in its many tangible and intangible cultural resources and forms, can give rise to an “extended” educational system in terms of environments, living, and community spaces, when it allows the school to go out of school, offering rich possibilities of interpretation of the symbolic repertoires of culture, in terms of signs and meanings. The article shows how, in this sense, the city can become an educational space aimed at strengthening the repertoire of skills of the population, if the assets present in it can count on forms of mediation and “strong” methodological choices that take into account the specific needs of the users. It focuses on the “case” of the city of L'Aquila, which was hit by the seismic event of 2009, causing a real “existential displacement” of individuals. This catastrophic event has partially “disfigured” the personal, cultural, and social heritage of the community, whose identity needs to be “re-founded”; and to do this, the community, and especially the school community, needs suitable teaching tools to enable individuals to decode the signs and symbols of their territory, starting from a re-reading and from a multifocal and interdisciplinary perspective, and from didactic proposals capable of positively influencing the perception of individuals, capable of acting as strategies for overcoming difficulties and thus as concrete tools of resilience.
Il contributo si incentra sul ruolo dell'educazione al patrimonio come strumento di potenziamento dei processi alfabetici, partendo dalla convinzione che le attività formative non possono avere come unica sede gli spazi interni all'istruzione, ma devono estendersi al territorio, inteso come dilatazione dell'aula. Il patrimonio, nelle sue molteplici risorse e forme culturali materiali e immateriali, può dare luogo a un sistema educativo "ampliato" in termini di ambienti, spazi di vita e di comunità, quando permette alla scuola di uscire dalla scuola, offrendo ricche opportunità interpretative dei repertori simbolici della cultura, in merito ai suoi segni e ai suoi significati. Il contributo mostra come, in questo senso, la città possa divenire uno spazio educativo volto a rafforzare il repertorio di competenze della popolazione, se i beni in essa presenti possono contare su forme di mediazione e scelte metodologiche "forti" che tengano conto delle esigenze specifiche degli utenti. Esso si focalizza sul "caso" della città dell'Aquila, colpita dall'evento sismico del 2009, che ha causato negli individui un vero e proprio "spiazzamento esistenziale". Tale evento catastrofico ha, infatti, in parte "deturpato" il patrimonio personale, culturale e sociale della comunità, la cui identità deve essere "rifondata"; e per farlo, la comunità, e in particolare quella scolastica, ha bisogno di strumenti didattici adeguati che permettano agli individui di decodificare i segni e i simboli del proprio territorio, a partire da una loro rilettura che fa leva su una prospettiva multifocale e interdisciplinare e su proposte didattiche capaci di influenzare positivamente la percezione degli individui, in grado di agire come strategie di superamento delle difficoltà e quindi come strumenti concreti di resilienza.
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