GRAMMATICAL COMPETENCE LEVEL AND GRAMMAR LEARNING STRATEGY OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejel.v8i2.4807کلمات کلیدی:
grammar learning strategies, metacognitive, cognitive, socio-affective, grammar, grammatical competence levelچکیده
This study attempted to determine the grammar learning strategy and grammatical competence level of the 2nd year and 3rd year pre-service teachers. Additionally, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between their grammar learning strategy usage and grammatical competence level. To this end, the study employed the descriptive-correlational research method. Data were collected through a questionnaire facilitated in Google Forms. The study's results revealed that, first, the pre-service teachers have highly used the Grammar Learning Strategies in general and when categorized as Cognitive, Meta-cognitive, and Socio-affective; although all GLS categories were highly used, the one with the highest mean was the Cognitive GLS while the least was the Socio-affective GLS. Second, respondents were found to have a fair level of grammatical competence in general as well as when specified to Subject-Verb Agreement, Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement, Parts of Speech, and Adjective-Adverb Agreement. Lastly, it was found in this present study that there is a highly significant relationship between grammar learning strategy usage and grammatical competence level but it is a weak positive correlation at 0.20. This outcome is conducive to better understand the pre-service teachers' GLS usage, to maximize the other GLS which were not highly used, and to supply some references for enhancing one’s grammatical competence level.
Article visualizations:
مراجع
Al Abri, A., Al Seyabi, F., Al Humaidi, S., & Hasan, A. (2017). Grammar learning strategies in Omani EFL classes: Type and relation to student proficiency. Journal of Studies in Education, 7(2), 151. doi:10.5296/jse. v7i2.10927
Ahmed, sh. (2015). Attitudes towards English language learning among EFL learners at UMSKAL. Journal of education and practice, 6, 1-12. - References - Scientific research publishing. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1893376
Al-Jahwari, M., Al Mekhlafi, A. M., Al-Barwani, T., & Abdulraheim, A. (2019). The effect of Metacognitive listening strategy instruction on Omani grade 11 EFL learners’ listening comprehension and their Metacognitive listening awareness. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(9), 256-275. doi:10.26803/ijlter.18.9.14
Amroune, A., and Charik, A. (2020). Exploring the relationship between grammar learning strategies use and grammar competence: a case of second-year students at M’sila University. Doctoral Dissertation. Algeria: University Mohamed Boudiaf – M’sila.
Chen, Z. (2016). Grammar Learning Strategies Applied to ESP Teaching. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 617-621. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0603.23.
De Guzman, Miguel. (2020). English Proficiency Index: Philippines out of world's top 20 but is No.2 in Asia. PhilStar Global Post. Retrieved from: https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/11/19/2058021/2020-english-proficiency-index-philippines-out-worlds-top-20-no2-asia.
Ellis, R. (2016). Comments on R. Ellis's "Current Issues in the Teaching of Grammar: An SLA Perspective": The Author Replies. TESOL Quarterly, 40(4), 839. doi: 10.2307/40264315
Gimeno, V. (2002). Grammar learning through strategy training: A classroom study on learning conditionals through metacognitive and cognitive strategy training. Retrieved from: http://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/9779.
Gürata, A. (2008). The Grammar Learning Strategies Employed by Turkish University Preparatory School EFL Students. Retrieved at: http://www.thesis.bilkent.edu.tr/0003607.pdf
He, Hui (2013). On FL Learners' Individual Differences in Grammar Learning and Their Grammatical Competence Training. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 3, No. 8, pp. 1369-1374. Retrieved from: doi:10.4304/tpls.3.8.1369-1374.
Ma X. W. (2014). Research on the grammar learning strategy of college English majors. Journal of Changchun Education College, 30 (9), 67-69.
Mistar, J., and Zuhairi, A. (2020). Grammar learning strategies across individual differences and their relationship with grammar mastery. Asian EFL J. Res. Artic. 27, 89–108.
Nakachi, K. (2021). Grammar learning strategy use by English-major University students: An investigation with grammar learning strategy inventory (GLSI). Nagoya JALT Journal, 2(1), 53-70. doi:10.37546/jaltchap.nagoya2.1-3
Nuraini, E. I. (2020). Investigating grammar learning strategies employed by freshmen at University of Darussalam Gontor. Int. J. Eng. Learn. App. Ling. 1, 26–43.
Nguyen, H. and Terry, D. (2017). English Learning Strategies among EFL Learners: A Narrative Approach. IAFOR Journal of Language Learning. Volume 3 – Issue 1. Retrieved from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1167252.pdf
Pawlak, M. (2009). Grammar Learning Strategies and Language Attainment: Seeking a Relationship. Research In Language, 7, 43-60. doi: 10.2478/v10015-009-0004-7
Pei, Z. (2014). Empirical study on English grammar learning strategy of non-English majors: Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology, 31 (2), 41-46.
Rahimi, M., Riazi, A., & Saif, S. (2018). An investigation into the factors affecting the use of language learning strategies by Persian EFL learners. Retrieved 30 August 2022, from https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/an-investigation-into-the-factors-affecting-the-use-of-language-l
Sioco, E. and De Vera, P. (2018). Grammatical Competence of Junior High School Students. Retrieved from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1247221.pdf
Tılfarlıoğlu, F., & Yalçın, E. (2015). An Analysis of the Relationship Between the Use of Grammar Learning Strategies and Student Achievement at English Preparatory Classes. Retrieved 15 January 2022, from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jlls/issue/9922/122806
Vuković, Klara (2015). Relationship Between Grammar Learning Strategies and Risk-taking in EFL Learners. Retrieved from https://zir.nsk.hr/islandora/object/ffos:1428/preview
Zare, P. (2012). Language Learning Strategies Among EFL/ESL Learners: A Review of Literature. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 2: 162-169.
Zekrati, S. (2017). The relationship between grammar learning strategy use and language achievement of Iranian high school EFL learners. Indonesian EFL Journal, 3(2), 129-138.
Yeh, H. W. (2021). A study of the relationship between the use of grammar learning strategies and student achievement. IJAET 12, 34–46. doi: 10.4018/ IJAET.2021070103.
Zekrati, S. (2017). The relationship between grammar learning strategy use and grammar achievement of Iranian EFL learners. Indo. EFL J. 3, 129–138. doi: 10.25134/ieflj.v3i2.660
Zhou, Z. (2017). The investigation of the English grammar learning strategy of high school students in China. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 7(12), 1243. doi:10.17507/tpls.0712.11
دانلودها
چاپ شده
شماره
نوع مقاله
مجوز
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).


