EVALUATION DU RISQUE DE MAJORATION DES ANOMALIES ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIQUES DE REPOS AU COURS D’UNE EPREUVE D’EFFORT CHEZ DES ARBITRES MASCULINS DE FOOTBALL DU BURKINA FASO / INCREASED RISK ASSESSMENT OF RESTING ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNOMALIES DURING EXERCISE TEST AMONG MALE SOCCER REFEREES FRON BURKINA FASO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v8i2.4253Keywords:
arbitres de football, anomalies électrocardiographiques de repos, épreuve d’effort, Burkina Faso / soccer referees, resting electrocardiographic abnormalities, stress test, Burkina FasoAbstract
Introduction : L’activité physique régulière est bénéfique pour la santé cardiovasculaire mais chez les sujets présentant des anomalies à l’électrocardiogramme (ECG) standard, l’effort intense peut s’avérer délétère. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer au cours d’une épreuve d’effort, le risque de majoration des anomalies ECG de repos chez des arbitres de football d’élite et de sub-élite masculins du Burkina Faso. Méthodes : Il s’est agi une étude d’intervention, réalisée avec 18 arbitres, répartis en deux groupes : groupe cas (GCA : n = 7) et groupe contrôle (GCO : n = 11) à profil ECG de repos respectivement anomal et normal. GCA et GCO ont été soumis à une épreuve d’effort maximale suivant un protocole de Bruce avancé. Les profils chronotrope et tensionnel, l’accroissement tensionnel systolique, l’électrocardiogramme d’effort, puis l’échocardiogramme ont été étudiés. La pente d’accroissement tensionnel systolique à l’effort a été déterminée à l’aide de la régression Fc-PAS. Résultats : Les profils chronotrope et tensionnel étaient normaux dans les deux groupes mais la pression artérielle systolique était plus élevée (p = 0,01) dans GCA à la récupération. Dans GCA et dans GCO, la pression artérielle systolique s’est accrue de façon linéaire (p < 0,001) en fonction de la fréquence cardiaque, avec une équation de régression significative (p < 0,001). Deux extrasystoles ventriculaires isolées sont apparues chez un arbitre de GCA mais les résultats échocardiographiques n’étaient pas associés à une pathologie. Conclusion : Les résultats indiquent que les paramètres cardiovasculaires étudiés au cours de l’épreuve, chez les arbitres burkinabè à profil ECG de repos anormal, n’étaient pas associés à une maladie cardiaque. Ils devront être autorisés à participer aux compétitions sportives et suivre un contrôle périodique.
Introduction: Regular physical activity is beneficial for cardiovascular health but in subjects with standard electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, intense effort can be harmful. The aim of this study was to determine during a stress test, the risk of increased resting ECG abnormalities in male elite and sub-elite football referees from Burkina Faso. Methods: This was an intervention study, carried out with 18 referees, divided into two groups: case group (CAG: n = 7) and control group (COG: n = 11) with respectively abnormal and normal resting ECG profile. CAG and COG were subjected to a maximal exercise test following an advanced Bruce protocol. Results: The chronotropic and blood pressure profiles, the systolic blood pressure increase, the stress electrocardiogram, then the echocardiogram were studied. The systolic pressure increase slope during exercise was determined using Fc-PAS regression. Chronotropic and blood pressure profiles were normal in both groups but systolic blood pressure was higher (p = 0.01) in CAG at recovery. In both CAG and COG, systolic blood pressure increased linearly (p < 0.001) with heart rate, with a significant regression equation (p < 0.001). Two isolated ventricular extrasystoles appeared in one referee in CAG but the echocardiographic findings were not associated with pathology. Conclusion: The results indicate that the cardiovascular parameters studied during the stress test, in Burkinabè referees with an abnormal resting ECG profile, were not associated with heart disease. They must be authorized to participate in sports competitions and undergo periodic checks.
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