SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF COLLEGE OF EDUCATION STUDENTS`MOTIVATION TO PARTICIPATE IN SPORTING ACTIVITIES IN GHANA

Authors

  • Ishmael Owen Opoku Konongo Odumase Senior High School, Ashanti, Ghana
  • Godwin Kenneth Anani Komenda College of Education, Komenda, Ghana
  • Mubarik Mahama Gbewaa College of Education, Ghana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v10i5.5208

Keywords:

college, education, motivation, sports participation, situational

Abstract

COVID-19 disrupted education and school sports which resumed after the pandemic. This study explores motivational factors influencing college students' participation in sports after the pandemic with reference to gender. The study employed a rigorous descriptive methodology and simple random sampling, with four hundred (400) college student-athletes. Principal Component Factor Analysis (PCFA) identified distinct motivational factors driving student sports engagement. Mean calculations revealed the most influential factors promoting sports re-engagement. The results indicated intrinsic motivation as the foremost factor, followed by the facility and equipment factor. To determine if gender differences exist in relation to motivation to partake in sports, an independent sample t-test was used. Male students showed slightly higher intrinsic motivation and lower facility and equipment motivation than female students. Conversely, female students exhibited higher motivation regarding facilities and equipment, but greater amotivation and external regulation compared to males. It was recommended that promotion and intervention strategies consider barriers and tailor interventions to specific needs to reduce participants' limitations to sports participation.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter

Author Biographies

  • Ishmael Owen Opoku, Konongo Odumase Senior High School, Ashanti, Ghana

    Ishmael Owen Opoku, academic position: Tutor. Research interests: physical activity and sports participation to attain wellness, motivation to participate in physical activities and sports, health promotion and education, and sports management.

    ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ishmael-Opoku

    ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1468-6424

  • Godwin Kenneth Anani, Komenda College of Education, Komenda, Ghana

    Godwin Kenneth Anani, academic position: Tutor. Research interests: sports management and physical fitness.

  • Mubarik Mahama, Gbewaa College of Education, Ghana

    Mubarik Mahama, academic position: Tutor, academic education: MPhil. Research interests: sports management, health and safety, and teacher education.

    ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mubarik-Mahama

    ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-9200

References

Alexandris, K., Tsorbatzoudis, C., & Grouios, G. (2002). Perceived constraints on recreational sport participation: Investigating their relationship with intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation. Journal of leisure research, 34(3), 233-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2002.11949970

Ammar, A., Brach, M., Trabelsi, K., Chtourou, H., Boukhris, O., Masmoudi, L., ... & Hoekelmann, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on eating behaviour and physical activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online survey. Nutrients, 12(6), 1583.

Bolarinwa, O. M. (2021). Influence of Sports Facilities and Equipment on Sports Participation among Secondary School Students in Ekiti State, Nigeria. IJO-International Journal of Educational Research, 4(05), 73-87.

Camiré, M., & Kendellen, K. (2016). Coaching for positive youth development in high school sport. In Positive youth development through sport (pp. 126-136). Routledge.

Candela, F., Zucchetti, G., & Villosio, C. (2014). Preliminary validation of the Italian version of the original sport motivation scale. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 9(1), 136-147.

Castro-Sánchez, M., Lara-Sánchez, A. J., Zurita-Ortega, F., & Chacón-Cuberos, R. (2019). Motivation, anxiety, and emotional intelligence are associated with the practice of contact and non-contact sports: An explanatory model. Sustainability, 11(16), 4256. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164256

Elliott, S., Drummond, M. J., Prichard, I., Eime, R., Drummond, C., & Mason, R. (2021). Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on youth sport in Australia and consequences for future participation and retention. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10505-5

Feng, S., Meng, X., Yan, Y., Xu, X., Xiao, D., Brand-Saberi, B., ... & Yang, X. (2022). Exploring the situational motivation of medical students through clinical medicine level test: a cross-sectional study. Advances in Physiology Education, 46(3), 416-425. https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00009.2022

Fitzgerald, D. A., Nunn, K., & Isaacs, D. (2021). What we have learned about trauma, loss, and grief for children in response to COVID-19. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 39, 16-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2021.05.009

Gravetter, F.J & Forzano, L.B. (2011). Research Methods for the Behavioural Sciences, Cengage Learning, p.146

Gould, D., Flett, R., & Lauer, L. (2006). The relationship between psychosocial developmental and the sports climate experienced by underserved youth. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7(4), 309-323

Gunasekare, U. L. T. P. (2016). Self Determination Theory (SDT): a review of SDT as a Complementary Theory of Motivation. http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/15424

Hair Jr, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMDA.2017.087624

Hickey, M. E., & Mason, S. E. (2017). Age and gender differences in participation rates, motivators for, and barriers to exercise. Modern Psychological Studies, 22(2), 3. https://scholar.utc.edu/mps/vol22/iss2/3

Horesh, D., & Brown, A. D. (2020). Traumatic stress in the age of COVID-19: A call to close critical gaps and adapt to new realities. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(4), 331. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/tra0000592

Lee, D. J., So, W. Y., & Lee, S. M. (2021). The relationship between Korean adolescents’ sports participation, internal health locus of control, and wellness during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 2950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062950

Lee, S. M., Seo, I. H., Kim, S. H., & Kim, T. H. (2023). Perceptions of health status, physical fitness, and participation in physical activity among adolescents before and after COVID-19: Analysis of 2019–2021 data from the Republic of Korea national sports survey. J. Men’s Health, 19, 22-28.

McColl, E., Jacoby, A., Thomas, L., Soutter, J., Bamford, C., Steen, N., Thomas, R., Harvey, E., Garratt, A., & Bond, J. (2001). Design and use of questionnaires: a review of best practice applicable to surveys of health service staff and patients. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 5(31), 1–256. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta5310

Moschny, A., Platen, P., Klaaßen-Mielke, R., Trampisch, U., & Hinrichs, T. (2011). Barriers to physical activity in older adults in Germany: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-121

Nolan, R., & Zbaracki, M. D. (2023). The Impact of Pandemic Lockdowns and Remote Learning on Student Fitness: An Investigation of Changes to High School Student Fitness Levels. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 42(2), 341-349. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2021-0261

Nolte, P., & Roux, C. (2023). Judo as a tool to reinforce value-based education in the South African Primary Schools physical education and school sport programmes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(1), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.01003

Opoku, I. O. (2022). Covid-19 pandemic and school sporting activities in Ghana: The perceived impacts on students` well-being. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2022.v9.i1b.2341

Pillay, L., van Rensburg, D. C. C. J., van Rensburg, A. J., & Ramagole, D. A. (2021). Prevalence of low physical activity levels and associated factors in urban, school-going youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(15), 1667-1674.

Portela-Pino, I., López-Castedo, A., Martínez-Patiño, M. J., Valverde-Esteve, T., & Domínguez-Alonso, J. (2020). Gender differences in motivation and barriers for the practice of physical exercise in adolescence. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(1), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010168

Roy, T. K., Acharya, R., & Roy, A. (2016). Statistical survey design and evaluating impact. Cambridge University Press.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.

Sabiston, C. M., Pila, E.va., Vani, M. F., and Thogersen-Ntoumani, C. (2019). Body image, physical activity, and sport: A scoping review. Psychol. of Sport. Exer. 42, 48–57. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.12.010

Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2012). Research Methods for Business Students, 6th edition, Pearson Education Limited

Sayyd, S. M., Zainuddin, Z. A. B., Ghabban, F. M., & Altowerqi, Z. M. (2021). Influence of sports facilities and programs on sports participation at Saudi Universities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, 2302-2307.s

Sayyd, S. M., Zainuddin, Z. A., & Seraj, P. M. (2021). A scientific overview of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sports affairs: A systematic review. Physical education of students, 25(4), 221-229. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2021.0403

Sharland, P. B., Haroun, J., & Safi, A. (2023). Exploring the Impact of a Global Pandemic (COVID-19) on Factors Impacting the Resilience of Top-Tier London Hockey Players. Journal of Sports Medicine, 2023. 5346846 https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5346846

Shepherd, D., & Mohohlwane, N. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 in education-more than a year of disruption. National Income Dynamics (NIDS)-Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (CRAM) Wave, 5, 1-41.

Teixeira, P. J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 9(1), 1-30.

Top, E., Kıbrıs, A., & Kargı, M. (2020). Effects of Turkey’s folk dance on the manual and body coordination among children of 6–7 years of age. Research in Dance Education, 21(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/14647893.2019.1708888

Varela, M. T., Duarte, C., Salazar, I. C., Lema, L. F., & Tamayo, J. A. (2011). Physical activity and sedentary behavior in college youth from Colombian cities: practices, motivations, and resources. Colombia Médica, 42(3), 269-277.

Vaske, J. J., Beaman, J., & Sponarski, C. C. (2017). Rethinking internal consistency in Cronbach's alpha. Leisure sciences, 39(2), 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2015.1127189

Warner, S., Chinn, V., & Molloy, G. J. (2019). The relationship between physical activity, fitness, and body mass index on mental well-being in adolescents. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 16(1), 19-26.

Downloads

Published

2024-02-12

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 5 (2024)

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

 

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

 

  1. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

 

  1. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).