INCIDENCE OF BULLYING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 7 LEARNERS

Authors

  • Beverly A. Tiauzon MA, Teacher III, Cabacungan National High School, Dulag, Leyte, Philippines
  • Patricio R. Malquisto PhD, Associate Professor V., Graduate School, Eastern Visayas State University Tacloban City, Leyte, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v0i0.2370

Keywords:

bullying incidence, academic performance, physical, verbal, psychological, cyberbullying, nuclear family, extended family

Abstract

The study determined the incidence of bullying and academic performance of learners in public secondary schools in Dulag, Leyte during the School Year 2017-2018. The measured variables included the learners’ profile (age, sex, custodian, types of family, types of personality), bullying incidence (physical, verbal, psychological and cyberbullying) and academic performance (Filipino, English, Mathematics, Sciences, Social Studies [Araling Panlipunan], Technology and Livelihood Education [TLE], Music, Arts, Physical Education and Health [MAPEH], and Values Education [Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao – EsP]). The study likewise examined the association between the selected profile indicators, bullying incidence and academic performance of learners. Quota sampling was employed to randomly chosen one thousand Grade 7 respondents for the study. Descriptive and correlational research designs were employed where data generation was carried out utilising a research questionnaire. The Pearson r was used to test the association among the study variables. Findings revealed that there were more female respondents than their male counterpart. Their combined mean age was 12.78 years with parents as their custodian. The large majority belonged to nuclear type of family. They exhibited moderate level type of personality and experienced various forms of bullying: physical, verbal, psychological, and cyber bullying. Sending harmful text messages on Facebook and other social media platform emerged as most bullying acts experienced by Grade 7 learners. The learners manifested very satisfactory academic performance on courses (or subjects) not requiring highly technical and critical thinking (MAPEH, TLE and EsP) while only satisfactory performance in Mathematics and Science courses which required analytical skills. In conclusion, age, type of family and type of personality are statistical associated with the incidence of bullying such that bullying has negative bearing on academic performance. Younger learners are more likely to experience physical and cyber bullying than their older counterpart. The incidence of bullying has opposite bearing on academic performance, the higher the incidence of bullying among learners, the lower their academic performance. This study confirms the arguments put forward in the Social Dominance Theory (Sidanius and Pratto, 1999), the Choice Theory (Glasser, 1998) and the Social Ecological Theory (Bronfenbrenner, 1999).

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter

DOI

Author Biographies

  • Beverly A. Tiauzon, MA, Teacher III, Cabacungan National High School, Dulag, Leyte, Philippines

    Beverly A. Tiauzon is a Teacher III of the Cabacungan National High School Dulag, Leyte, Philippines. Her research interests are in Science, innovating Strategic Intervention Materials (SIM), investigatory projects and students’ behaviour. Her SIM entitled “Distinct Properties Strategic Intervention Material in Science 7” won first place in the Division level and automatically qualified for National level competition in 2018. It was presented and approved by the Department of Education Leyte Division, Philippines. Her action research entitled “Effectiveness of the Distinct Properties SIM” won as 2nd best paper action research in the Division and Regional competitions.

  • Patricio R. Malquisto, PhD, Associate Professor V., Graduate School, Eastern Visayas State University Tacloban City, Leyte, Philippines

    Patricio R. Malquisto is an Associate Professor V of Eastern Visayas State University (EVSU), Tacloban City, Leyte, Philippines. His research interests are in gender and development, educational management, technological development and innovations, marketing strategy and socio economic feasibility studies. Dr. Malquisto has co-authored and published research papers in national and international peer reviewed journals. His technological innovation research titled “Paper Digester Machine” digest and convert waste papers into a useful paper form. It has been presented in a regional research competition sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and garnered the best research paper award.

References

Abocejo, F. T., & Gubalane, F. K. (2013). Implementation of the human anti trafficking law in Cebu City, Central Philippines. International Forum Journal. 16(1), 36-48. Available at: https://internationalforum.aiias.edu/images/vol16no01/article3-abocejo&gubalane.pdf

Abocejo, F. T., & Padua, R.N. (2010). An econometric model for determining sustainability of basic education development. CNU Journal of Higher Education, 4(1), 40-53. Available at: http://jhe.cnu.edu.ph/index.php/cnujhe/ article/view/39

Abocejo, F. T., Pañares, Z. A., Dotillos, L. T., Diones, L. L., & Belciña, S. A. (2012). Microfinance Program on Cooperatives: Realities, Benefits and Women’s Participation. CNU Journal of Higher Education. Special Issue on Poverty Alleviation. 6(1), 25-39. Available at: http://jhe.cnu.edu.ph/index.php/cnujhe/ article/view/119

Alcober, L. (2016). Extent of implementation of the environmental dimensions of school operations in the Division of Leyte.

Almazan, J. U., Cruz, J. P., Alamri, S. M., Alotaibi-Monahi, S. J., Albougami, A. S. B., Gravoso, R., Abocejo, F.T., Allen, K., Bishwajit, G. (2018). Predicting patterns of disaster-related resiliency among older adult typhoon Haiyan survivors. Geriatric Nursing. 39(6), 629-634. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.04.015

Alvarez, I. C. C., Ong, M. B., Abocejo, F. T. (2017). Learning needs and quality care among family caregivers and elderly patients of Guadalupe, Cebu City, Central Philippines. European Scientific Journal. 13(24), 356-376, doi: 10.19044/esj.2017. v13n 24p356

Aragones, N. (2016). Best Practices Employed by Teachers on Anti-bullying in Public Elementary Schools, District IV, Division of Pasig City, 23.

Balmeo, M. L., Saleon L. J., Sano, L. A., Tangangco, C., Tingda, A. Z., Toryaden, R. D., Zapanta, C. G. (2015). Manifested bullying behavior of secondary students in selected public schools in Baguio city, Philippines. Proceeding of the 3rd Global Summit on Education GSE 2015. Meliá Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Available at: http://worldconferences.net.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1999). Measuring environment across the life span emerging methods and concepts. Friedman SL ad Wachs TD, ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press. Available at: https://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=t&source= web&rct=j&url/ns 25.hcdns.nl/ring-envi/

Benítez, J. L., & Justicia, F. (2006). Bullying: description and analysis of the phenomenon Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology. 4(9), 1696-2095. Available at: http://www.investigacion-psicopedagogica.org

Carigma, N. (2016). Anti-bullying Practices Employed by Teachers in Public Elementary Schools in District I-C, Division of Antipolo City, Philippines

Canty, J., Stubbe, M., Steers, D., & Colllingts, S. (2014). The trouble with bullying -deconstructing the conventional definition of bullying for a child-centered investigation into children’s use of social media. Children & Society. 30(1), 45-48. doi:10.1111/chso.12103

Carney, J., Jacob, C. J., & Hazler, R. J. (2011). Exposure to school bullying and the social capital of sixth-grade students. Journal of Humanistic Counseling, 50(2), 238-253. doi:10.1002/j.2161-1939.2011.tb00122.

Center of Disease Control, National Center for Injury and Prevention Control. (2015). Understanding bullying. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/ pdf/bullying_factsheet.pdf

Chen, L. M. (2015). Self-reported frequency and perceived severity of being bullied among elementary school students. Journal of School Health, 85(9), 587-594. doi: 10.1111/josh. 12289

Cuñado, A. G., & Abocejo, F. T. (2018). Lesson planning competency of English major university sophomore students. European Journal of Education Studies. 5(8), 395-409. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.2538422

Department of Education. (2013). Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act No. 10627. Retrieved from bullying/20130912-RA-10627-BSA.pdf.

Department of Education. (2012). DepEd Order No. 40: DepEd Child Protection Policy. Available at: http://www.deped.gov.ph/2012/05/14/do-40-s-2012

Diepenhorst, A. (2014). Big Five Personality Traits and Bullying. Tilburg University. Available at: https://research/thesis%20oct2018/big%205%20personality.pdf

Digman, J. M. (1990a). Personality structure: Emergence of the Five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology. 41, 417-440. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221

Digman, J. M. (1990b). Big Five Personality Test Traits. Available at: https://www.123 test.com/big-five-personality-theory.

Eslea, M. & Rees, J. (2001). At what age are children most likely to be bullied at school? Aggressive Behavior, 27, 419-429. doi: 10.1002/ab.1027

Family Code. (1988). Memorandum Circular No. 85, S. 1987. The Family Code of the Philippines. Available at: http://chanrobles.com/memorandumcirculars/memo randum

Fernandez, R. C. C., & Abocejo, F. T. (2014). Child labor, poverty and school attendance: Evidences from the Philippines by region. CNU Journal of Higher Education. 8(1), 114-127. Available at: http://www.jhe.cnu.edu.ph/index.php/cnujhe/article/view/ 151

Glasser, W. (1998). Choice Theory: A New Psychology of Personal Freedom. William Glasser Institute-US. Available at: http://wglasser.com/our-approach/choice-theo ry

Government of the Philippines. (2013). Anti-bullying act of 2013. Available at: https://elegal.ph/republic-act-no-10627-the-anti-bullying-act/

Glasser, W. (1998). Choice theory in the classroom. New York: Harper Collins. Available at: http://www.sciepub.com/reference/181636.

Jimeno, R. L. V. (2015). The anti-bullying law. Available at: http://manilastandardtoday. com/2013/09/23/the-anti-bullying-law/.

Kamenopoulou, L. (2016). Ecological systems theory: a valuable framework for research on inclusion and special educational needs/disabilities. Global Observatory Inclusion, 88, 515-527. Available at: http://www.globi-observatory.org/wp-con tent/uploads/2016/04/Pedagogy_Leda_4_2016.pdf

Ladd, G. (2017). Bullying affects students' academic performance. Senior Education World Contributor. Available at: http://www.educationworld.com/a_news/bullying-effects-students%E2%80%99-academic-achievement-study-finds-1646296443

Lai, S., Ye, R., & Chang, K. (2008). Bullying in Middle Schools: An Asian-Pacific Regional Study. Asia Pacific Education Review, 9(4), 503-515. doi: 10.1007/BF03025666

Lee, C. H. (2011). An ecological systems approach to bullying behaviors among middle school students in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(8):1663-98. doi: 10.1177/0886260510370591

National Center for Education Statistics, (2016). Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2015. U.S. Department of Education. Available at: http://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/ display.asp?id=719

Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Psychology in the Schools, 40(6), 140. doi: 10.1002/pits.10114

Patterson, G. & Yoerger, K. (2002). A developmental model for early-and late-onset delinquency.

Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2016). Summary of our cyberbullying research. Cyberbullying Research Center. Available at: http://cyberbullying.org/summary-of-ourcyberbully ing-research

Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994). Social dominance orientation: A personality variable predicting social and political attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 6(4), 741-763. Available at: https://dash.harvard .edu/bitstream/handle/1/320771

Dulag National High School. (2017). Consolidated school reports on incidence of bullying, academic year 2017-2018. Official archive of the Guidance Office, Dulag National High School

Ramirez, S. (2006). Bullying among school children and other problem behaviors for coexistence: A study from the context of the class group. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Granada

Rodriguez, K. F. R., & Abocejo, F. T. (2018). Competence vis-à-vis performance of special education pre-service teachers. European Academic Research, 6(7), 3474-3498. Available at: http://www.euacademic.org/UploadArticle/3707.pdf

Rudatsikira E, Mataya, R., Siziya, S. and Muula, A. (2008). Association between bullying victimization and physical fighting among Filipino adolescents: Results from the global school-based health survey. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 75(12), 1243-1247. doi:10.1007/ s12098-008-0244-x

Sanapo, M. S. (2017). When kids hurt other kids: Bullying in Philippine schools. Psychology, 8(14), 2469-2484. doi: 10.4236/psych.2017.814156

Sarzosa, M. & Urzúa, S. (2015). Bullying in teenagers: The role of cognitive and non- cognitive skills. National Bureau of Economic Research. Available at: https://www. nber.org/papers/w21631

Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. American Psychological Association. New York, US: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://psynet.apa.org/1999-02958-000

Solberg, M., & Olweus, D. (2003). Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus bully/victim questionnaire. Aggressive Behavior, 29(3), 239-268. doi: 10.1002/ab.10047

Sidanius, Pratto and Mitchell (1994). In group identification, social dominance orientation and differential intergroup social allocation. Journal of Social Psychology, 134 (2), 151-167. doi:10.1080/00224545.1994.9711378

Shaheen, A. M., Sawsan, H., Hourani, E. M., & Nassar, O. S. (2017). Factors affecting Jordanian school adolescents experience of being bullied. Journal Pediatric Nursing, 38, 66-71. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.09.003

Tapper, J. & Boulton, M. (2004). Sex differences in levels of physical, verbal, and indirect aggression amongst primary school children and their associations with beliefs about aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 30(2), 123-145. doi: 10.1002/ab.20010

Tanrikulu, T. (2014). Cyberbullying from the perspective of choice theory. Educational Research and Reviews, 9(18), 660-665. doi: 10.5897/ERR2014.1761

Trazo, S. P., & Abocejo, F. T. (2019). International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Front Vowel Sound Recognition of Beginner Foreign Learners. European Journal of Education Studies. 5(12), 183-196 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.2606194

United Nations Children’s Fund. (2014). Hidden in plain sight: A statistical analysis of violence against children. Available at: http://www.unicef.org/publications/ files/Hidden_in_ plain_sight_statistical_analysis_EN_3_ Sept_2014.pdf.

UNICEF. (2007a). Stop violence in schools! The scope and impact of bullying. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/malaysia/UNICEF_Fact_Sheet.

United States Department of Education. (2015). New data show a decline in school-based bullying. US Department of Education. Available at: https://www.ed.gov/news/ pres-releases/new-data-show-decline-school-basedbullying

Wilson, M. L., Dunlavy, A. C., & Berchtold, A. (2013). Determinants for Bullying Victimization among 11-16-Year Olds in 15-Low-and-Middle Income Countries: A Multi-Level Study. Social Sciences, 2(4) , 208-220. doi: 10.3390/socsci2040208

Winton, S., & Tuters, S. (2014). Constructing bullying in Ontario, Canada: A critical Policy analysis. Educational Studies, 41(1–2), 122–142. doi:10.1080/03055698.2014.9557 37

Downloads

Published

2019-04-06

Issue

Vol 6, No 1 (2019)

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).