SECOND-ORDER FACTOR ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS' CORRECT USE OF THEIR VOICES SCALE IN CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT (TCUVS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v0i0.2817Keywords:
voice, correct use of voice, teachers, second order factor analysisAbstract
The aim of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Teachers' Correct Use of their Voices Scale (TCUVS) in classroom management and to try to explain the factors of the scale using the second order factor analysis. The participants of the study were 1095 teachers working at various educational levels in the province of Antalya, Turkey in the 2018-2019 academic year. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used in the development of the TCUVS. The scale developed as a result of the first order factor analysis consists of seven dimensions (voice health problems, voice protection, the harmony between voice and body, correct use of voice, correct use of speech voice, directing voice, voice distortion) and 31 items. The results of the second-order confirmatory factor analysis conducted to better evaluate the results of the seven-dimensional first-order confirmatory factor analysis and to summarize the dimensions of the scale showed that the model with two factors (voice problems and professional use of voice) and six sub-dimensions (voice protection, the harmony between voice and body, correct use of voice, correct use of speech voice, directing voice, voice distortion) better fits the data statistically. A moderate relationship was found between the factors of voice problems and professional use of voice. It can be said that the internal consistency of the dimensions of the TCUVS was strong; the confirmatory factor analysis goodness of fit criteria and combined reliability level were adequate; and only the rate of mean variance explained was found to be limited. Therefore, the fit of the model to the data was found sufficient.
Article visualizations:
References
Bagozzi R. P. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3): 375-381. doi: 10.2307/3151312
Büyüköztürk Ş. (2005). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı, Ankara, Pegema yayıncılık.
Cutiva L. C., Burdorf A. (2015). Effects of noise and acoustics in schools on vocal health in teachers. Noise Health, 17(74): 17-22. doi:10.4103/1463-1741.149569
Cutiva L. C., Burdorf A. (2016). Work-related determinants of voice complaints among school workers: An eleven-month follow-up study. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 25(4): 590-597. doi: 10.1044/2016_AJSLP-14- 0191
Cutiva L. C., Vogel I., Burdorf A. (2013). Voice disorders in teachers and their associations with work-related factors: a systematic review. Journal of Communication Disorders, 46, 143–155. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.01.001.
Cronbach, L. J. (1990). Essentials of psychalogical testing (5 ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tahtam, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5 ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Da CostaV., Prada E., Roberts A., Cohen S. (2012). Voice disorders in primary school teachers and barriers to care. Journal of Voice, 26: 69–76. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.09.001.
De Jong F. I., Kooijman P. G., Thomas G., Huinck W. J., Graamans K., Schutte H. K. (2006). Epidemiology of voice problems in Dutch teachers. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 58: 186–198. doi: 10.1159/000091732
Giannini S. P. P., Latorre M. R. D. O., Fischer F. M., Ghirardi A. M., Ferreira L. P. (2014). Teachers’ voice disorders and loss of work ability: A case-control study. Journal of Voice, 29(2): 209-217. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.06.004.
Giannini S. P. P., Latorre M. R. D. O., Ferreira L. P. (2012). Voice disorders related to job stress in teaching: a case-control study. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 28: 2115–2124. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2012001100011
Gotaas C., Starr C. D. (1993). Vocal fatigue among teachers. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 45: 120–129. doi: 10.1159/000266237
Hair J. F., Anderson R. E., Tatham R. L., Black W. C. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis (5th ed.), New Jersey, Pearson Education.
Houtte E. V., Claeys S., Wuyts F., Lierde K. V. (2010). The impact of voice disorders among teachers: Vocal complaints, treatment-seeking behavior, knowledge of vocal care, and voice-related absenteeism. Journal of Voice, 25(5): 570-575. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.04.008
Jöreskog K. G., Sörbom D. (2001). Lisrel 8: User’s Reference Guide, Scientific Software, International, Chicago.
Kooijman P. G., de Jong F. I., Thomas G., Huinck W., Donders R., Graamans K., Schutte H. K. (2006). Risk factors for voice problems in teachers. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 58,159–174. doi: 10.1159/000091730
Milli Eğitim İstatistikleri Örgün Eğitim 2017-2018, (2018). http://sgb.meb.gov.tr/www/icerik_goruntule.php?KNO=327 Accessed 14 April 2018.
Nerriere E., Vercambre M. N., Gilbert F., Kovess-Masfety V. (2009). Voice disorders and mental health in teachers: a cross-sectional nationwide study. BMC Public Health, 9: 370. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-370
Roy N., Merrill R. M., Thibeault S., Gray S. D., Smith E. M. (2004). Voice disorders in teachers and the general population: effects onwork performance, attendance, and future career choices. Journal Speech, Language, Hearing Research, 47, 542–551.
doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/042)
Russell A., Oates J., Greenwood K. M. (1998). Prevalence of voice problems in teachers. Journal of Voice, 12: 467–479. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(98)80056-8
Sapir S., Keidar A., Mathers-Schmidt B. (1993). Vocal attrition in teachers: survey findings. European Journal of Disorders of Communication, 28: 177–185. doi: 10.3109/13682829309041465
Schermelleh-Engel K., Moosbrugger H., Müller H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: tests of significance and descriptive goodness of fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2): 52.
Smith E., Kirchner H. L., Taylor M., Hoffman H., Lemke J. H. (1998). Voice problems among teachers: differences by gender and teaching characteristics. Journal of Voice, 12: 328–334. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(98)80022-2
Smith E., Lemke J., Taylor M., Kirchner H. L., Hoffman H. (1998). Frequency of voice problems among teachers and other occupations. Journal of Voice, 12: 480–488. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(98)80057-x
Smith E., Gray S. D., Dove H., Kirchner L., Heras H. (1997). Frequency and effects of teachers’ voice problems. Journal of Voice, 11: 81–87. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(97)80027-6
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı. Altıncı Basımdan Çeviri. (Edit: M. Baloğlu). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
Verdolini K., Ramig L. O. (2001). Review: occupational risks for voice problems. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 26: 37–46.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).


