TEACHERS’ ADOPTION OF MOODLE IN LOW-RESOURCE CONTEXTS: A MIXED-METHODS ANALYSIS OF PERCEIVED USEFULNESS, USABILITY, AND INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT IN CAMEROON / ADOPTION DE MOODLE PAR LES ENSEIGNANTS DANS DES CONTEXTES À RESSOURCES LIMITÉES : ANALYSE MIXTE DE L'UTILITÉ, DE LA FACILITÉ D'UTILISATION ET DU SOUTIEN INSTITUTIONNEL PERÇUS AU CAMEROUN

Authors

  • Tane Nongosso Ronade Duplex Educational Technology Researcher and Educational Engineering Expert, Distance Learning Centre, Ministry of Secondary Education (MINESEC), Cameroon
  • Shaibou Abdoulai Haji Professor (Assistant), Faculty of Education, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46827/ejoe.v10i4.6520

Keywords:

blended learning, novice teachers, technology adoption, Moodle, teacher professional development, low-resource contexts, institutional support / apprentissage mixte, enseignants débutants, adoption des technologies, développement professionnel

Abstract

Teacher professional development delivered through learning management systems (LMS) is often presented as a scalable pathway to strengthen teacher quality and system performance. Yet, in low-resource settings, adoption hinges on the interplay between individual perceptions (e.g., usefulness), platform design (e.g., usability under low bandwidth), and enabling conditions (e.g., institutional support). This article examines a national teacher onboarding programme in Cameroon that used Moodle as the core learning platform within a blended delivery model. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and sociotechnical theory, the study adopts a mixed-methods design that combines a large-scale survey (n = 1,522) and semi-structured interviews with beginner teachers (n = 15). Quantitative findings indicate that perceived usefulness is the strongest predictor of intention to use Moodle, while perceived ease of use and institutional support contribute additional explanatory power (R² = .244; F (3, 1518) = 164.289, p < .001). Group comparisons show a small but statistically significant gender difference in perceived ease of use, while area of residence (urban/rural) does not significantly differentiate intention to use. Qualitative findings reveal that recurrent electricity and connectivity constraints, platform workload (notably the portfolio), and delayed or absent support shape teachers’ experience; however, teachers also demonstrate adaptive strategies (e.g., phone-based learning, peer WhatsApp groups, and offline planning) that mitigate infrastructural fragility. Building on these findings and recent scholarship on digital learning in low-resource contexts, the article proposes a ‘contextualised TAM’ for teacher digital professional learning that explicitly incorporates infrastructural friction and adaptive capacity alongside classic TAM constructs. 

Le développement professionnel des enseignants dispensé par le biais de systèmes de gestion de l'apprentissage (LMS) est souvent présenté comme un moyen évolutif de renforcer la qualité des enseignants et les performances du système. Cependant, dans les environnements à faibles ressources, son adoption dépend de l'interaction entre les perceptions individuelles (par exemple, l'utilité), la conception de la plateforme (par exemple, la facilité d'utilisation avec une faible bande passante) et les conditions favorables (par exemple, le soutien institutionnel). Cet article examine un programme national d'intégration des enseignants au Cameroun qui a utilisé Moodle comme plateforme d'apprentissage principale dans le cadre d'un modèle de formation mixte. S'appuyant sur le modèle d'acceptation de la technologie (TAM) et la théorie sociotechnique, l'étude adopte une méthodologie mixte qui combine une enquête à grande échelle (n = 1 522) et des entretiens semi-structurés avec des enseignants débutants (n = 15). Les résultats quantitatifs indiquent que l'utilité perçue est le facteur le plus déterminant dans l'intention d'utiliser Moodle, tandis que la facilité d'utilisation perçue et le soutien institutionnel apportent une explication supplémentaire (R² = 0,244 ; F (3, 1518) = 164,289, p < 0,001). Les comparaisons entre les groupes montrent une différence de genre faible mais statistiquement significative dans la facilité d'utilisation perçue, tandis que la zone de résidence (urbaine/rurale) n'a pas d'incidence significative sur l'intention d'utilisation. Les résultats qualitatifs révèlent que les contraintes récurrentes en matière d'électricité et de connectivité, la charge de travail liée à la plateforme (notamment le portfolio) et le retard ou l'absence d'assistance influencent l'expérience des enseignants ; cependant, ces derniers font également preuve de stratégies d'adaptation (par exemple, apprentissage par téléphone, groupes WhatsApp entre pairs et planification hors ligne) qui atténuent la fragilité des infrastructures. S'appuyant sur ces résultats et sur des recherches récentes sur l'apprentissage numérique dans des contextes à faibles ressources, l'article propose un « TAM contextualisé » pour l'apprentissage professionnel numérique des enseignants qui intègre explicitement les frictions infrastructurelles et la capacité d'adaptation aux concepts classiques du TAM. 

Author Biographies

  • Tane Nongosso Ronade Duplex, Educational Technology Researcher and Educational Engineering Expert, Distance Learning Centre, Ministry of Secondary Education (MINESEC), Cameroon

    Ronade Duplex Tane Nongosso is an educational technology researcher and educational engineering expert at the Distance Learning Centre of the Ministry of Secondary Education (MINESEC), Cameroon. He has over ten years of experience in the design and management of large-scale digital learning system s in the low-ressource contexts. His work focuses on the digital transformation of education, teacher professional development, and the integration of educational technologies in public education systems. His research interests include e-learning platforms, digital pedagogy, educational innovation, and technology-enhanced learning.

  • Shaibou Abdoulai Haji, Professor (Assistant), Faculty of Education, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

    Shaibou Abdoulai Haji (PhD) is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Education, University of Yaoundé I (Department of Curriculum and Evaluation). He holds a PhD in Educational Technology and has extensive experience in teacher education, curriculum development and evaluation, and the design and implementation of digital and blended learning in higher education. His research interests include educational technology, instructional design, online and hybrid pedagogies, digital assessment, media and information literacy, and the integration of AI and digital tools to enhance teaching, learning, and educational management.

    ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-4108

    Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=FWARZYsAAAAJ&hl=en

    ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shaibou-Haji

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Published

2026-02-05

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