EXCAVATING HISTORICAL TRUTH: AN ARCHIVAL STUDY ON THE UNITED STATES-PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC RELATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejlll.v6i1.350Keywords:
archival study, decolonization, economic inequalities, historical truth, United States-Philippine relationsAbstract
This paper argues that historical truth can be excavated not just from existing published books in the academe, but also from unpopular references such as speeches, documentaries, and museum archives. Paying attention to these references substantiates one’s understanding about a phenomenon and expands historical knowledge through an in-depth analysis of the archive. This archival study zooms into a Central Intelligence Agency document, specifically an address delivered by Miguel Cuaderno, Sr. in New York City in 1953. Delivered by the first governor general of the Central Bank of the Philippines, it highlights the following essential discourse in the United States-Philippine relations and decolonization: absence of reciprocity along economic opportunities between the two countries and resistance to the economic inequalities as experienced by the colonized nation. This speech is just one of the few examples of an archive that can potentially be beneficial in seeking for more historical narratives in US-Philippine relation discourse.
References
Agustin, J. (2022). Symbolic representation of farm in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. International Journal of Research Publications, 99(1), 46-51. https://10.47119/IJRP100991420223080
Caronan, F. (2012). “Memories of US Imperialism Narratives of the Homeland in Filipino and Puerto Rican Homes in the United States.” Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634725.
Cuaderno, M. (1953). “Address Given by the Honorable Miguel A. Cuaderno, Sr. Governor, Central Bank of the Philippines at the Philippine Session of the Far East Conference of the Far East-America Council of Conference and Industry, Inc.” https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP83-00423R001100190008-1.pdf.
El Shakry, O. (2015). “History without Documents: The Vexed Archives of Decolonization in the Middle East.” The American Historical Review, 120(3), 920–934. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26577264.
Lande, C. (2001). “The Philippines and the United States.” Philippine Studies, 49(4), 518-539. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42633497.
L’Eplattenier, B. (2009). “An Argument for Archival Research Methods: Thinking Beyond Methodology.” College English, 72(1), 67-79. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25653008.
Martin, I. (2009). “Colonial Education and the Shaping of the Philippine Literature in English.” In L. Bautista & K. Bolton (Eds.), Philippine English: Linguistic and Literary Perspectives (Phil. ed), 245-259. Pasig City: Anvil Publishing, Inc.
Martin, I. (2012). Expanding the Role of Philippine Languages in the Legal System: The Dim Prospects. Asian Perspectives on Arts and the Humanities (APAH) Journal, 1-14.
Maxfield, S. and Nolt, J (1990). “Protectionism and the Internationalization of Capital: U.S. Sponsorship of Import Substitution Industrialization in the Philippines, Turkey and Argentina.” International Studies Quarterly, 34(1), 49–81. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2600405.
Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: OUP.
Rafael, V. (2000). “White Love and Other Events in Filipino History.” Durham: Duke University Press.
Sassoon, J. (2000). “Chasing Phantoms in the Archives: The Australia House Photographic Collection,” Archivaria (50), 117–124.
Shaffer, R. (2012) “‘Partly Disguised Imperialism’: American Critical Internationalists and Philippine Independence.” The Journal of American-East Asian Relations, 19(3/4), 235–262. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23613137.
Silvestre, R. (1973). Imperialism and Filipino Nationalism. Philippine Studies, 21(3), 293-310. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42632237.
Veric, C. (2020). Children of the Postcolony: Filipino Intellectuals and Decolonization, 1946-1970. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
