THE IMPLEMENTATION GAP: AN ANALYSIS OF PEACE ACCORD EFFICACY AND HUMAN SECURITY IN THE EASTERN DRC (2003-2023)

Resum

This paper critically analyses the security implementation gap in Eastern DRC from 2003 to 2023. Despite numerous peace agreements, regions like North Kivu, South Kivu, and Ituri remain in a cycle of conflict marked by violence, displacement, and a critical human security shortfall. The study investigates why peace initiatives have failed, arguing that failures stem from fundamental flaws within the agreements themselves rather than a lack of effort. Issues such as vague language, weak enforcement mechanisms, and the systematic exclusion of local stakeholders undermine legitimacy. External factors worsen these internal issues, with regional interventions often hindered by conflicting interests and the self-serving actions of political elites. These actors tend to exploit institutional weaknesses to maintain instability for their benefit. The research concludes that achieving lasting peace requires a profound transformation. Ultimately, transforming commitments into practical, accountable actions is crucial to ensuring the security and well-being of the Congolese people.