DETERMINANTS OF REMITTANCE: PAKISTANI MIGRANTS IN YIWU, CHINA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejsss.v0i0.722Klíčová slova:
remittance, migration, Pakistan, Yiwu, linear regression, snowball samplingAbstrakt
Remittances are the transformation of payment send by international migrants to be used in their home country. This study explains the remitting behavior of Pakistani migrants in Yiwu. For this study, the primary data were used for analysis which collected. Of these, 116 Pakistani migrants participated in the interview. Snowball sampling technique used to collect data. Linear regression model used to estimate the likelihood and determinants of remittance of migrants. The results show that Pakistani migrants remit 50,290 Yuan per year on average. More than 91% Pakistani migrants are sending remittance to their home country. This research shows that Pakistani migrants are sending money to their families and parents that are purely altruistic. The main contribution of this research is to explore the relationship between various factors and remittances.
Article visualizations:
Reference
Abidi, S. M. R., Hussain, M., Xu, Y., & Zhang, W. (2018). Prediction of confusion attempting algebra homework in an intelligent tutoring system through machine learning techniques for educational sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010105
Adams, R. H., & Page, J. (2005). Do international migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries? World Development, 33(10), 1645–1669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.05.004
Aiyar, P. (2007). China asserting its place on world stage. The Hindu.
Alayon, J. R. (2009). Migration, remittances and development : The Filipino New Zealand experience.
Alba, M., Sugui, & S. C., J. (2009). Motives and giving norms behind remittances the case of Filipino overseas workers and their recipient households. UP School of Economics. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3170975
Amakom, U., & Gerald Iheoma, C. (2014). Impact of Migrant Remittances on Health and Education Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 19(8), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-19813344
Arif, G. M., & Amjad, R. (2014). Analysing the Impact of Overseas Migration and Workers’ Remittances in Khyber Pakhtunkhaw (KP): Suggested measures for maximising development benefits. (January).
Atekmangoh, & C. (2011). Expectations abound-family obligations and remittance flow amongst Cameroonian-busfallers-in Sweden-Agender insight. Masters Thesis, Lund University, Graduate School of Social Science.
Bettin, G., & Lucchetti, R. (2016). Steady streams and sudden bursts: persistence patterns in remittance decisions. Journal of Population Economics, 29(1), 263–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-015-0565-9
Clemens, M. A., & McKenzie, D. (2018). Why Don’t Remittances Appear to Affect Growth? Economic Journal, 128(612), F179–F209. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12463
Dean, Y. (2008). International Migration, Remittances and Household Investment: Evidence from Philippine Migrants’ Exchange Rate Shocks. Economic Journal, 118(528), 591–630. Retrieved from 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02134.x%0Ahttp://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=31336401&site=ehost-live
ECCO, P. (2006). Chinese Delegation Visits BoI. Retrieved from Economic and Commercial Counsellor’s Office of the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan website: http://pk2.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/chinanews/200604/20060401894577.html
Garip, F. (2014). The Impact of Migration and Remittances on Wealth Accumulation and Distribution in Rural Thailand. Demography, 51(2), 673–698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-013-0260-y
Ghorpade, Y. (2017). Extending a Lifeline or Cutting Losses? The Effects of Conflict on Household Receipts of Remittances in Pakistan. World Development, 99, 230–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.05.024
Goschin, Z. (2014). Remittances as an economic development factor . Empirical evidence from the CEE countries. Procedia Economics and Finance, 10(14), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00277-9
Grieco, E. M. (2003). The remittance behavior of immigrant households : Micronesians in Hawaii and Guam.
Hagen-zanker, J. (2007). Hagen-Zanker, J., and M. Siegel (2007) “The Determinants of Remittances A Review of the Literature,” Maastricht.pdf. (June).
Hoddinott, J. (1994). A model of migration and remittances applied to Western Kenya. Oxford Economic Papers, 46(3), 459–476. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a042141
Jaggi, S. (2003). Descriptive Statistics and Exploratory Data Analysis. Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute.
Jiménez-Martin, S., Jorgensen, N., & Labeaga, J. M. (2007). The volume and geography of remittances drom the EU. 1–70.
Kapur. (2003). Remittances-The New Development Mantra.
Kock, U., & Sun, Y. (2011). Remittances in Pakistan: Why they have gone up and why they are not coming down. Pakistan Development Review, 50(3), 189–208.
Lerch, M., Dahinden, J., & Wanner, P. (2007). Remittance behaviour of Serbian migrants living in Switzerland. (51).
Luke, N. (2010). Migrants’ competing commitments: Sexual partners in urban Africa and remittances to the rural origin. American Journal of Sociology, 115(5), 1435–1479. https://doi.org/10.1086/651374
Marsden, M. (2016). Crossing Eurasia: Trans-regional Afghan trading networks in China and beyond. Central Asian Survey, 35(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2015.1070516
Marsden, M. (2017). Actually existing silk roads. Journal of Eurasian Studies, 8(1), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euras.2016.11.006
Mohapatra, S., Joseph, G., & Ratha, D. (2012). Remittances and natural disasters: Ex-post response and contribution to ex-ante preparedness. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 14(3), 365–387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-011-9330-8
Nadeem, M. A., Abidi, S. M. R., Khan, N. U., & Zhu, L. (2019). Migration Impact on Remittances Special Focus on Gulf Countries: A Case Study of Pakistan. North American Academic Research, 2(8), 62–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3367786
Naufal, G., & Termos, A. (2010). Remittances from GCC Countries A Brief Outlook. Middle East Institute, Migration and the Gulf.
Opong, K. K. (2012). Prospect Theory and Migrant Remittance Decision Making. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2127615
Petrova, P. (2015). Remittances, Gender and Skills: Evidence from Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region.
Pieke, F. N. (2012). Immigrant China. Modern China, 38(1), 40–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/0097700411424564
Pieke, F. N. (2013). Immigrant China*. China Across the Divide, 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199919864.003.0005
Ramcharran, H. (2019). Analyzing the impact of workers’ remittances on household consumption in Latin American and Caribbean Countries. Journal of Economics and Finance. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12197-019-9468-z
Rapoport, H., & Docquir, F. (2005). The Economics of Migrants’ Remittances. Russell The Journal Of The Bertrand Russell Archives.
Ratha, D. (2016). Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016: Third Edition. In Migration and Remittances Factbook 2016: Third Edition. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0319-2
Rehman, A. (2015). Empirical Essays on Migration and Remittances in Pakistan. 240.
SBP. (2019). State Bank of Pakistan. Retrieved from http://www.sbp.org.pk/ecodata/Homeremit.pdf
Stanton-Russell, S. (1986). Remittances from International Migration: A Review in Perspective. World Development, 14(6), 677–696. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0305750X86900124
Stark, O. (1985). Motivations to Remit: Evidence from Botswana. Journal of Political Economy, 93(5), 901–918. https://doi.org/10.1086/261341
Taherdoost, H. (2018). Sampling Methods in Research Methodology; How to Choose a Sampling Technique for Research. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3205035
Yang, D. (2011). Migrant Remittances. 25(3), 129–152.
