TORAH-ADONAI (תּוֹרָה־אֲדוֹנָה) AS THE SECRET OF ISAIAH’S VISION OF PEACE (ISA 2:2-4): AN ESCHATOLOGICAL DISCOURSE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46827/ejsss.v0i0.475Nøgleord:
torah-adonai, secret, vision, peace, eschatological, and discourseResumé
Peace is an ever enduring objective of life sought after by all rational beings. Faith men of all times cling to peace as God’s cardinal teaching for societal building and stability. Isa 2:2-4 makes the link between the observance of Yahweh’s torah and the enthronement of peace in the society. Using the prophetic ‘far-off’(futurism) and historicism models of interpreting Isaiah’s vision, the study points up the torah as the (hr'At) secret of peace, the instrument of right judgment (jP'v.mi) , the foundation of the new social order and as a moral guide, directing people to higher values now and in the future time. Before the law there was chaos and no peace; under the law, it was fractional and half-done peace but under the messiah, whose period marks the last and final dispensation in Jewish division of the times, it is all encompassing peace for everyone. This universal religion of Isaiah’s vision of peace, as the study shows, has the truths and nuclei of torah-adonai as its bottom line. It is prophetically designed for the transformation of man by God for the peace of all and it will continue until the accomplishment of all things.
Article visualizations:
Referencer
Anderson, B. W. (1966). Understanding the Old Testament. Second Edition. New York: Prentice-Hall.
Blass, F. and Debrunner, A. (1961). A Greek grammar of the New Testament and other early Christian literature. Translated by R. W. Funk. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Blenkinsopp, J. (2000). Isaiah 1-39: The Anchor Bible, 19A.Doubleday: The Anchor Bible.
Boadt, L. (1984). Reading the Old Testament, An introduction. New York: Paulist.
Bright, J. (1962). Isaiah.In M. Black (Ed). Peake’s commentary on the Bible (pp.489-515). Hong Kong: Thomas Nelson.
Brueggemann, W. (1998). Isaiah, volume 1, 1-39. Louisville: Westminster.
Caird, G. B. (1980). The Language and imagery of the Bible. London: Duckworth.
Ceresko, A. R. (1992). Introduction to the Old Testament. New York: Orbis Books.
Dahlberg, B. T. (1990). Torah. In E. W. Mills (Ed). Lutterworth dictionary of the Bible (926- 927). Cambridge: The Lutterworth.
Davies, P. R. (1980). Eschatology in the book of Daniel. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. 17, 33-53.
Delitzsch, F. (1991). Commentary on the Old Testament: Isaiah, 7. Translated by J. Martin. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Dempsey, C. (2000). The Prophets. Minneapolis: Fortress.
Dillon, E. J. (1979). Torah. In P. K. Meagher (Ed). Encyclopedic dictionary of religion, O-Z. Washington D.C.: Corpus.
Eissfeldt, O. (1965). The Old Testament: An Introduction. Translated by P. R. Ackroyd. New York: Harper and Row.
Fabry, H. J. (1998). rh'n". In G. J. Botterweck (Ed). Theological dictionary of the Old Testament, 9 (pp.261-270). Grand Rapids: W. B. Eerdmans.
Fantuzzo, C. J. (2012). Torah in servant-form: Torah, servant, and disciples in the book of Isaiah. Retrieved January 30, 2017 from eprints.glos.ac.uk.
Fletcher, J. H. (2011). Eschatology. In F. S. Fiorenza and J. P. Galvin (Eds). Systematic Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress.
Fohrer, G. (1968). Introduction to the Old Testament. Translated by D. E. Green. Nashville: Abingdon.
Frankfort, T. (1960). Le yKi(de Joel 1:12. Vetus Testamentum. 10, 445-448.
Gerleman, G. (1997). rb'D'. In E. Jenni & C. Westermann (Ed). Theological lexicon of the Old Testament, 1 (pp.325-332). Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson.
Gerleman, G. (1997). Mlv. In E. Jenni & C. Westermann (Ed). Theological lexicon of the Old Testament 3 (pp.1337-1348.). Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson.
Gerstenberger, E. (1997). !WK.In E. Jenni & C. Westermann (Ed). Theological lexicon of the Old Testament, 2(pp.602-606). Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson.
Gerstenberger, E. (2001). Theologies in the Old Testament. London: T & T Clark.
Gray, G. B. (1975). A Critical and exegetical commentary on the book of Isaiah I-XXVII, 1. Edinburgh: T & T Clark.
Grelot. P. (1967). Introduction to the Bible. New York: Herder and Heder.
Groenewald, A. (2016). The significance of תורה (Isa 2:3) within Isaiah 2:1-5: The relationship of the first overture (1:1-2:5) to the book’s conclusion (Isa 65-66). Retrieved December 15, 2016 from http://www.scielo.org.za.
Gross, H. (1970). Peace. In J. B. Bauer (Ed). Encyclopedia of biblical theology, 2 (pp.648-651). London: Sheed and Ward.
Gutbrod, k. (1967). no,moj. G. Kittel (Ed). Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. 4. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Haeffele, J. (2017). Isaiah the prophet. Retrieved November 1, 2017 from https://lifehopeandtruth.com.
Harrelson, W. J. (1962). Torah.In G. A. Buttrick (Ed). Interpreter’s dictionary of the Bible, 4 (673). New York: Abingdon.
Helyer, L. R. (2016). Reading the poetry of first Isaiah: The most perfect model of the prophetic poetry. Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society. 59, 2, 361-342. http://www.etsjets.org.
Herbert, A. S. (1973). The book of the prophet Isaiah, 1-39. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
Hulst, A. R. (1960). Old Testament translation problems. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
Jenni, E. (1997). rha.In E. Jenni & C. Westermann (Eds).Theological lexicon of the Old Testament, 1. (pp.83-88). Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson.
Jensen, J. (1984). Isaiah 1-39. Wilmington: Michael Glazier.
Johnson, V. T. (1979). Mountains, sacred.In P. K. Meagher (Ed). Encyclopedic dictionary of religion, F-N. Washington D.C.: Corpus.
Kaiser, O. (1983). Isaiah 1-12. Second edition. Philadelphia: The Westminster.
Kaufmann, Y. (1972). The religion of Israel. Translated and abridged by Moshe Greenberg. Chicago: The University of Chicago.
Kickert, B. D. (2009). The voice of Isaiah: A study of the literary structure of Isaiah. Retrieved September 7, 2017 from http://kickert.info.
Kissane, E. J. (1941). The book of Isaiah, 1 (i-xxxix).Dublin: Brown and Nolan.
Koehler, L. and Baumgartner, W. (2001). hr'AT. The Hebrew and Aramaic lexicon of the Old Testament. CD-ROM Edition. Leiden: Brill.
Leibowits, N. (2005). Studies in devarim deuteronomy. Jerusalem: Maor Wallace.
Liedke, G., and Petersen, C. (1997). hr'AT. In E. Jenni &C. Westermann (Eds). Theological lexicon of the Old Testament, 3 (pp.1415-1422). Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson.
Martens, E. A. (2007). Impulses to mission in Isaiah: An intertextual exploration. Bulletin for Biblical Research. 17, 2 (pp.215–239).
McGuire, M. R. P. (1967). Mountains, sacred. New Catholic Encyclopedia, 10 (p.53).New York: McGraw-Hill.
McKee, J. K. (2017). Micah 4:1-3; Isaiah 2:2-4: The torah will go forth from Zion. Retrieved July 25 from http://messianicapologetics.net.
McKenzie, J. L. (1979). The Old Testament without illusion. Garden City, New York: Image Books.
McKenzie, J. L. (2002). Law. Dictionary of the Bible(pp.495-501). Bangalore: Asian Trading Corporation.
McNamara, M. (1961). Old Testament reading guide. Isaiah 1-39, Collegeville, Minnesota: The Liturgical.
Michael, K., Fishman, J. (2012). Building the positive peace: The urgent need to bring the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict back to basics. Jewish Political Studies Review. 24, 3,7-29. http://jcpa.org.
Miscall, P. D. (1993). Isaiah, Sheffield: JSOT.
Miscal, P. D. An adventure in reading the scroll of Isaiah. Retrieved September 27, 2017, from https://www.sbl-site.org.
Moriarty, F. L. (1968). Isaiah 1-39. In R. E. Brown (Ed). Jerome biblical commentary. (pp.265-282). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Motyer, J. A. (1993).The prophecy of Isaiah. Leicester: Inter-Varsity.
Musija, Z. (2011). Eschatology in Isaiah. Retrieved September 10, 2017 from http://www.academia.edu.
Musija, Z. (2011). The Eschatological hope in the book of Isaiah. Marusevec: Adriatic Union College. Retrieved March 12, 2017 from http://www.academia.edu.
Myers, A. C. (1987). Peace. The Eerdmans Bible dictionary (p.807). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans.
Myers, A. C. (1987). Torah. The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary (p.1012). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans.
Neusner, J. (Ed). (1996). Shalom. Dictionary of Judaism in the biblical period. Peabody: Hendrickson.
Neusner, J. et al (Ed). (1996). Torah. Dictionary of Judaism in the biblical period, Peabody: Hendrickson.
Ogden, G. S. (1971). Time, and the verb hyh in OT prose. Vetus Testamentum. 21, 4, 451- 469.
Otto, E. (2003). !AYci. In G. J. Botterweck (Ed). Theological dictionary of the Old Testament 12, (pp.333-365). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans.
Plaut, W. G. (Ed). (1981). Torah, A modern commentary. New York: Union of American Hebrew Congregations.
Redditt, P. L. (1990). Eschatology in the OT. In W. E. Mills (Ed). Lutterworth dictionary of the Bible (pp.260-261). Cambridge: Cambridge University.
Redditt, P. L. (2008). Introduction to the prophets. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans.
Reed, W. L. (1962). Mount, mountain. In G. A. Buttrick (Ed). Interpreter’s dictionary of the Bible in four volumes (p.452). New York: Abingdon.
Richards, L. O. (1985). Peace. Expository dictionary of Bible words. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House.
Ringgren, H. (1974). ~yhil{a/. In G. J. Botterweck (Ed). Theological dictionary of the Old Testament 1(pp.267-284). Grand Rapids: W. B. Eerdmans.
Roberts, J. J. M. (1982). Isaiah in Old Testament theology. Interpretation. 34, 2, 130-143.
Robinson, B. A. (1996). Competing theories of eschatology, end times, and millennialism. Retrieved April 28, 2017 from http://www.religioustolerance.org.
Russell, D. S. (1964). The method and message of Jewish apocalyptic. Philadelphia: The Westminster.
Sanders, J. A. (1976). Torah. In K. Crim (Ed). The interpreter’s dictionary of the Bible, supplementary volume (pp.909-911). Nashville: Abingdon.
Schmidt, W. H. (1978). rb'D'. In G. J. Botterweck & H. Ringgren (Eds). Theological dictionary of the Old Testament 3 (pp.84-125). Grand Rapids: W. B. Eerdmans.
Scott, R. B. Y. and Kilpatrick, G. G. (1956). The book of Isaiah. The Interpreter’s Bible 5 (pp.149-773). New York: Abingdon.
Seitz, C. R. (1999). Old Testament apocalyptic. Retrieved January 16, 2017 from https://risweb.st-andrews.ac.uk.
Stuhlmueller, C. (1976). Isaiah. Chicago: Franciscan Herald.
Tucker, G. M. (2001). The book of Isaiah 1-39. In L. E. Keck (Ed), The New Interpreter’s Bible 6 (pp.27-305). Nashville: Abingdon.
Van Winkle, D. W. (1985). The Relationship of the Nations to Yahweh and to Israel in Isaiah Xl-Lv 1. Vetus Testanumtum. XXXV, 4, 446-458.
Von Rad, G. (1975). Old Testament theology 2. London: SCM.
Watts, J. D. W. (1985). Isaiah 1-33. In B. M. Metzger (Ed). Word Biblical Commentary 24. Waco, Texas: Word Books.
Watts, J. D. W. (1987). Isaiah 34-66. In B. M. Metzger (Ed). Word Biblical Commentary 25. Waco, Texas: Word Books.
Wildberger, H. (1957). Die Völkerwallfahrt Zum Zion, Jes ii, 1-5. Vetus Testamentum. 7, 62-81.
Wilderberger, H. (1991). Isaiah 1-12: A commentary. Minneapolis: Fortress.
Winkle, D. W. V. (1985). The relationship of the nations to Yahweh and to Israel in Isaiah Xl-Lv 1. Vetus Testamentum. XXXV, 4, 446-458.
Young, E. J. (1996). The book of Isaiah 1. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans.
