JOURNEY FROM IMPRISONMENT TO REFORMATION OF PERSONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY: A MULTI-CASE STUDY

Penulis

  • Kirstie Amor V. Cruda Master of Science in Criminal Justice, Professional Schools, University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines
  • Nestor C. Nabe Assistant Dean, PhD, College of Criminal Justice Education, University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46827/ejsss.v11i2.1982

Kata Kunci:

persons deprived of liberty, reformation, coping mechanisms, rehabilitation, personal transformation

Abstrak

This multi-case study investigated the lived experiences of transformation of the seven PDLs assigned at the Davao Prison and Penal Farm. Frequent, in-depth interviews chronicled participants' distinctive paths and formative experiences as they sought personal transformation while in prison. Four main themes were found through the analysis: lived experiences, personal difficulties, ways of coping, and significant insight. Participants described not being able to drink their worries away, of feeling sad, and that they could not move as they wished. In reaction, they utilized a variety of coping strategies, including coming to terms with their circumstances, praying, participating in leisure activities, abiding by the inner rules of the prison, engaging in rehabilitation activities, and enhancing their spiritual life. Over time, they came to important realizations: learning to accept their reality, using their time more purposefully, obeying the law, avoiding conflict, and showing respect to those around them. These realizations became instrumental in their ongoing reformation. The study underscored how deeply personal and multifaceted the rehabilitation process is within correctional environments. It called attention to the need for supportive, reform-focused settings that foster emotional strength, discipline, and moral growth. Ultimately, the findings offered meaningful insights into how incarceration can become a turning point for positive change—and how prison systems can better support that transformation.

 

SDG Indicator: 16 (Justice, Peace, and Strong Institutions)

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter

Biografi Penulis

  • Kirstie Amor V. Cruda, Master of Science in Criminal Justice, Professional Schools, University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines

    Kirstie Amor V. Cruda, MSCJ is a faculty member of the College of Criminal Justice Education, University of Mindanao in Davao City, Philippines. She is a licensed criminologist who successfully passed the Criminology Licensure Examination in year 2011. She currently serves as Associate Professor I at a university, where she shares her expertise in the field of criminal justice. She is also a graduating student in the Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice program. In 2018, she underwent specialized training in Forensic Legal Medicine at the Professional Academy of the Philippines in Cebu City, and in Forensic Ballistics at the Philippine Criminalistics Society, Inc. in Baguio City. Her academic and professional background reflects a strong commitment to advancing knowledge and practice in the fields of criminology and forensic science.

  • Nestor C. Nabe, Assistant Dean, PhD, College of Criminal Justice Education, University of Mindanao, Davao City, Philippines

    Nestor C. Nabe, PhD, CSP, CST is an Assistant Dean of the College of Criminal Justice Education as well as the Program Coordinator of the Master of Science in Criminal Justice and Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice; both at the University of Mindanao in Davao City, Philippines. Dr. Nabe has successfully earned the following academic degrees; Doctor of Science in Criminology-Philippine College of Criminology, Master of Science in Criminology-Cagayan de Oro College, and Bachelor of Science in Criminology-University of Baguio. A reservist in the Philippine Army, he currently serves as theS1-2202nd RBde, S4-6th TAS, AFPRESCOM with the rank of Major. As a dedicated professional, Dr. Nabe is an active member of the following professional organizations: Philippine Criminalistics Society, Inc. Philippine Association for Teachers and Educators, Philippine Society of Criminologists and Criminal Justice Professionals, Inc. Philippine Society for Industrial Security. Inc. Philippine Educators Association for Criminology Education, Professional Criminologists Association of the Philippines, and Reserve Officers Legion of the Philippines. As an academic, he has authored several books, namely, Law Enforcement Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards, Laboratory Manual in Polygraphy and Laboratory Manual in Police Photography.

Referensi

Bazemore, G., & Maruna, S. (2009). Restorative justice in the reentry context: Building new theory and expanding the evidence base. Victims & Offenders, 4(4), 375–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564880903227446

Bertrand, L., & Loewenthal, D. (2011). Delivering therapy in prison: An IPA study researching the lived experience of psychotherapists and counselors. European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling 13(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/13642537.2011.625197

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. Retrieved from https://revistapsicologia.org/public/formato/cuali2.pdf

Englander, M. (2012). The interview: Data collection in descriptive phenomenological human scientific research. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 43(1), 13–35. https://doi.org/10.1163/156916212X632943.

Frances, R. (1995). “An Overview of Community-Based Intervention Programmes for Men Who Are Violent or Abusive in the Home.” In Gender and Crime, edited by R. E. Dobash, R. P. Dobash, and L. Noaks. Cardiff, UK: University of Wales Press.

Giorgi, A., Giorgi, B. & Morley, J. (2017). The Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Method. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318451180_The_Descriptive_Phenomenological_Psychological_Method/citations

Hanser, R. D. (2002). Multicultural Aspects in Batterer Intervention Programs. Published dissertation (U.M.I.). Huntsville, TX: Sam Houston State University. Retrieved from https://books.google.ro/books/about/Multicultural_Aspects_in_Batterer_Interv.html?id=JYOSNwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y

Healey, K., Smith, C., & O'Sullivan C. (1998). Batterer Intervention: Program Approaches and Criminal Justice Strategies. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice. Retrieved from https://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/13138/1/132.pdf

Huecker, M. R. (2022). Domestic Violence. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499891/

Ismail, N. (2019). Rolling back the prison estate: The pervasive impact of macroeconomic austerity on prisoner health in England. Journal of Public Health, 42(3), 625–632. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdz058.

Mack, N., Woodsong, C., Macqueen, K., Greg, G. & Namey, E. (2005). Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215666086_Qualitative_Research_Methods_A_Data_Collector's_Field_Guide/citations.

Maruna, S. (2001). Making good: How ex-convicts reform and rebuild their lives. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/pubs/books/431645A

Marzan, J., B. (2021). Violence against women. Retrieved from https://www.dailyguardian.com.ph/violence-against-women-seen-to-rise-in-2021/

Mayo, C. S. (2022). Domestic violence against women: Recognize patterns, seek help. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/domestic-violence/art-20048397.

Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Sage Publications. Retrieved from https://methods.sagepub.com/book/mono/phenomenological-research-methods/toc

Nigeria Prison Service. (2011). The Reformer. Abba Moro: A comrade in the ministry, 4(3), July–December.

Njoroge, P., Mwagi, W., & Omboto, J. (2020). Effects of prison reforms on reformation of inmates in Nyandarua County Prisons, Kenya. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(7), 630–639. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.77.8652

Onur O.S., Cesur E., Donmezler F.G., Aydin F.Y., & Vural M., Guru M. (2020). Evaluation of Partner Violence in Female Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Medical Journal of Bakirkoy 16(2). Retrieved from https://bakirkoymedj.org/articles/doi/BMJ.2020.58076

Oyahanye, P. O. (2011). Prisoner’s peculiarity and correctional effectiveness of the Nigeria Prison Service: Ilorin prison as a case study (Unpublished master’s thesis). University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Pansag, F. J. (2016). Journey of an ex-convict: From conviction to liberation. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 4(2), 21–28. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301752893_Journey_of_an_Ex-convict_From_Conviction_to_Liberation

Peterman, A., Potts, A., O'Donnell, M., Thompson, K., Shah, N., Oertelt-Prigione, S., & Van Gelder, N. (2020). Pandemics and Violence against Women and Children. CGD Working Paper 528. Washington, DC: Center for Global Development. Retrieved from https://www.cgdev.org/publication/pandemics-andviolence-against-women-and-children.

Philippine Commission on Women (2022). Violence against Women. Retrieved from https://pcw.gov.ph/violence-against-women/.

Preda Foundation. (2016). The situation of the Philippine penitentiaries. https://www.preda.org/2009/08/the-situation-of-thephilippine-penitentiaries/

Schinkel, M. (2014). Being imprisoned: Punishment, adaptation and desistance. Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781137440839

Van Manen, M. (1990). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. State University of New York Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315421056

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

2025-07-09

Terbitan

Vol 11 No 2 (2025)

Bagian

Articles